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Understanding a Share · Shuruaati · 7 min read

Face Value vs Market Value: ₹10 Ka Share ₹500 Par Kyun Chalta Hai

Chhota jawab

Face value share jaari karte samay tay kiya gaya ek accounting number hai — aam taur par ₹10, ₹5, ₹2 ya ₹1 — jiska istemaal company law ke kaamon mein hota hai, jaise dividend ghoshit karna aur share capital ginna. Market value wo keemat hai jis par buyers aur sellers aaj us share ka sauda karne ko taiyaar hain. Dono alag isliye hote hain kyunki business badalne par face value kabhi nahi badalti, jabki market price yeh dikhata hai ki company ab kya ban chuki hai: bees saal tak munafa badhane wali company ka ₹10 face value wala share ₹500 par chal sakta hai aur ismein kuch bhi asaamaanya nahi.

Amit Chadha · Mutual Fund Distributor · AMFI ARN: 349461 · Aakhri review

Naye investors aksar umeed karte hain ki share par chhape number ka uski asli keemat se kuch lena-dena hoga. Aisa nahi hai, aur dono ke beech ka yeh faasla koi gadbadi nahi — vyavastha aise hi banayi gayi hai.

In teen numbers ko saaf rakhna aapko Indian market ki sabse aam galatfehmi se bhi bachata hai, yaani face value ke percentage mein bataya gaya dividend.

Face value

Face value, jise par value ya nominal value bhi kehte hain, company share jaari karte samay tay karti hai aur apni capital structure mein darj karti hai. Indian companies aam taur par ₹10, ₹5, ₹2 ya ₹1 istemaal karti hain.

Yeh legal aur accounting kaaranon se maujood hai. Balance sheet par share capital shares ki sankhya guna face value hoti hai; dividend aksar isi ke percentage mein ghoshit hota hai; aur stock split ki paribhasha hi ismein kami hai. Yeh jaanboojhkar ek sthir reference point hai, koi valuation nahi.

Business badalne par yeh nahi badalti. Company apna munafa das guna kar le, face value theek wahin rehti hai jahan thi.

Market value

Market value — market price — wo keemat hai jis par share ka aakhri sauda exchange par hua. Yeh is baat se tay hota hai ki buyers kitna dene ko taiyaar hain aur sellers kitna lene ko, aur trading session bhar lagataar badalta rehta hai.

Yeh wo sab dikhata hai jo market is samay company ke baare mein maanta hai: uska munafa, uski growth, uska karz, uska udyog, aur us din market ka aam mizaaj. Aapke liye yahi number maayne rakhta hai, kyunki yahi aap chukate hain aur yahi aapko milta hai.

Book value, sankshep mein

Ek teesra number bhi jaanne laayak hai. Per share book value company ki net assets — assets mein se liabilities ghatakar — ko shares ki sankhya se bhaag dekar nikalti hai. Yeh wo hai jo accounts kehte hain ki shareholders ka hissa kitne ka hai.

Concept ke level par book value baaki dono ke beech baithti hai: face value ke ulat yeh business ke munafa jama karne ke saath badalti hai, aur market value ke ulat yeh raay se nahi, accounts se aati hai. Market price book value se upar bhi chal sakta hai aur neeche bhi, kabhi-kabhi bahut zyada.

₹10 ka share ₹500 par kyun chalta hai

Kyunki face value ek baar, jaari karte samay tay hui thi, aur market price tab se azaad hokar chalta raha hai.

Sochiye ek company ne saalon pehle ₹10 face value par shares jaari kiye. Uske baad usne munafa kamaya, zyadatar dobara lagaya, business badhaya aur bhandaar joda. Inmein se kisi ne face value ko nahi chhua. Lekin in sabka asar is par padta hai ki aaj koi ek share ke liye kitna dega.

Yahin log chookte hain: dividend

Indian companies aam taur par dividend ko face value ke percentage mein ghoshit karti hain. ₹10 face value par "200% dividend" ka matlab hai ₹20 per share.

Agar wo share ₹500 par chal raha hai, to investor ko ₹500 ke investment par ₹20 milte hain — yaani 4% dividend yield, 200% nahi. Ghoshit percentage aur investor ka asli return bilkul alag numbers hain, aur ek ko doosra samajh lena bahut badi uljhan ki jad raha hai.

Niyam aasan hai: company dwara ghoshit dividend percentage face value ka percentage hota hai. Aapka return wo rupaya dividend hai, jise aapke chukaye market price ke muqable naapa jaaye.

Stock split asli mein kya badalta hai

Stock split face value ghatata hai aur usi anupaat mein shares ki sankhya badhata hai. ₹10 face value paanch hisson mein bantkar ₹2 ho jaati hai, aur ek share paanch ho jaata hai.

Market price bhi usi anupaat mein adjust hota hai — ₹500 ka share kareeb ₹100 ke paanch shares ban jaata hai. Aapki holding ki keemat waisi hi rehti hai; aapke paas zyada shares hote hain, har ek aanupaatik roop se kam ka. Business mein kuch nahi badla, isiliye split apne aap mein na acchi khabar hai na buri.

Face value kya nahi batati

Yeh nahi batati ki share sasta hai ya mehnga. Ek hi ₹10 face value wali do companies ₹30 aur ₹3,000 par chal sakti hain, aur koi bhi number keemat ke baare mein kuch nahi kehta.

Yeh quality, aakaar ya suraksha ka sanket nahi deti. Kam face value chhoot nahi hai aur oonchi premium nahi — zyadatar Indian companies ne jaari karte samay bas ₹10 ya ₹1 chun liya aur split ke alawa use kabhi nahi chheda.

Aapke return se bhi iska koi naata nahi, jo poori tarah market price ke badalne aur mile dividend se aata hai.

Iska mutual fund se naata

Mutual fund mein bhi aisi hi ek baat hai jo waisi hi uljhan paida karti hai. Scheme ki units shuruaat mein aam taur par ₹10 par jaari hoti hain, aur NAV wahin se chalti hai — isliye lambe samay se chal rahi scheme ki NAV ₹600 ho sakti hai jabki nayi scheme ₹10.40 par ho.

Face value ki tarah hi, NAV ka star yeh nahi batata ki scheme sasti hai ya nahi. Ek jaisa portfolio rakhne wali do schemes ek jaisa percentage return deti hain, chahe unki NAV kuch bhi ho.

Mukhya baatein

  • Face value jaari karte samay accounting aur legal kaamon ke liye tay hoti hai; yeh share ki keemat nahi hai.
  • Market value wo hai jis par aaj sauda hota hai, aur sirf yahi aapke return par asar daalta hai.
  • Per share book value accounts se aati hai: net assets bhaag shares ki sankhya.
  • ₹10 face value wala share ₹500 par chalna poori tarah saamanya hai — face value kabhi hili hi nahi.
  • Percentage mein ghoshit dividend face value ka percentage hai, aapke investment ka nahi.
  • Stock split face value aur price dono aanupaatik roop se ghatata hai; aapki holding ki keemat nahi badalti.
  • Mutual fund ki NAV ka star bhi aise hi chalta hai aur sasta-mehnga kuch nahi batata.

Apne numbers par aazmaiye

Aksar pooche jaane wale sawaal

Sources aur editorial review

Aage kya padhein

Dividend Yield: Kaise Nikalein Aur Kaise PadheinDividend yield kya maapti hai, formula, poora solved example, aur yeh market price par kyun nikali jaati hai — share par chhapi face value par kyun nahi.Stock Market Kya Hai Aur Yeh Asli Mein Kaise Kaam Karta Hai?Share kya hota hai, NSE aur BSE kya karte hain, primary aur secondary market mein kya farq hai, demat aur trading account kis kaam aate hain, aur order dene se share milne tak kya hota hai.Mutual Fund Mein NAV Kya Hai?Net Asset Value ka matlab kya hai, yeh kaise nikala aur declare hota hai, kam NAV se fund sasta kyun nahi ho jaata, aur aapke transaction par kaun-sa NAV lagu hota hai.

Sirf educational content. Investment advice nahi.

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